{"id":4606,"date":"2015-08-05T13:08:48","date_gmt":"2015-08-05T13:08:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/millercanfield.pl\/?p=4606"},"modified":"2025-04-14T18:04:08","modified_gmt":"2025-04-14T18:04:08","slug":"the-non-competition-clause-is-not-transferred-to-a-new-employer-following-the-expiry-of-an-employment-relationship","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/millercanfield.pl\/en\/the-non-competition-clause-is-not-transferred-to-a-new-employer-following-the-expiry-of-an-employment-relationship\/","title":{"rendered":"THE NON-COMPETITION CLAUSE IS NOT TRANSFERRED TO A NEW EMPLOYER FOLLOWING THE EXPIRY OF AN EMPLOYMENT RELATIONSHIP"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"4606\" class=\"elementor elementor-4606 elementor-4630\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-654c9e44 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"654c9e44\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5f207f10 exad-sticky-section-no exad-glass-effect-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5f207f10\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Strony stosunku pracy mog\u0105, w oparciu o artyku\u0142y 1011 &#8211; 1014 ustawy z dnia 26 czerwca 1974 kodeks pracy (Dz. U. 2014.1502 t.j. ze zm.; dalej \u201eKodeks pracy\u201d), zawrze\u0107 umow\u0119 o zakazie konkurencji. Przedmiotowa klauzula mo\u017ce zosta\u0107 zawarta w tre\u015bci umowy o prac\u0119, ale mo\u017ce r\u00f3wnie\u017c stanowi\u0107 odr\u0119bny dokument. Strony mog\u0105 obj\u0105\u0107 zakazem konkurencji zar\u00f3wno czas, w kt\u00f3rym pozostaj\u0105 zwi\u0105zane stosunkiem pracy jak i czas po ustaniu tego stosunku. Istot\u0105 zakazu konkurencji trwaj\u0105cego po ustaniu stosunku pracy jest zobowi\u0105zanie si\u0119 pracownika do niepodejmowania po rozwi\u0105zaniu stosunku pracy dzia\u0142alno\u015bci konkurencyjnej w stosunku do pracodawcy w zakresie i w czasie wskazanym w umowie oraz zobowi\u0105zanie si\u0119 pracodawcy do wyp\u0142acenia pracownikowi okre\u015blonego odszkodowania z tego tytu\u0142u.<\/p><p>Natomiast, zgodnie z artyku\u0142em 231 kodeksu pracy, w razie przej\u015bcia zak\u0142adu pracy lub jego cz\u0119\u015bci na innego pracodawc\u0119 staje si\u0119 on z mocy prawa stron\u0105 w dotychczasowych stosunkach pracy. Przedmiotowy artyku\u0142 stanowi transpozycj\u0119 artyku\u0142u 3 dyrektywy 2001\/23\/WE z dnia 12 marca 2001 r. w sprawie zbli\u017cania ustawodawstw Pa\u0144stw Cz\u0142onkowskich odnosz\u0105cych si\u0119 do ochrony praw pracowniczych w przypadku przej\u0119cia przedsi\u0119biorstw, zak\u0142ad\u00f3w lub cz\u0119\u015bci przedsi\u0119biorstw lub zak\u0142ad\u00f3w. Przej\u015bcie zak\u0142adu pracy na innego pracodawc\u0119 ma miejsce na przyk\u0142ad w przypadku zawarcia umowy dzier\u017cawy lub odziedziczenia takiego zak\u0142adu, jednak najcz\u0119\u015bciej wyst\u0119puj\u0105cym przypadkiem takiego przej\u015bcia jest sprzeda\u017c zak\u0142adu. W momencie przej\u015bcia zak\u0142adu pracy lub jego cz\u0119\u015bci na nowego pracodawc\u0119, nabywca wst\u0119puje w og\u00f3\u0142 praw i obowi\u0105zk\u00f3w zbywcy w tym r\u00f3wnie\u017c staje si\u0119 stron\u0105 w zawartych z pracownikami stosunkach pracy.<br \/>Powy\u017cszy skutek nast\u0119puje z mocy prawa, bez konieczno\u015bci podejmowania jakichkolwiek czynno\u015bci. Maj\u0105c na uwadze przepisy artyku\u0142\u00f3w 1011 &#8211; 1014 oraz artyku\u0142u 231 kodeksu pracy, powstaje pytanie \u2013 czy nowy pracodawca pozostaje zwi\u0105zany umowami o zakazie konkurencji zawartymi przez jego poprzednika?<\/p><p>S\u0105d Najwy\u017cszy w wyroku wydanym w dniu 11 lutego 2015 r. w sprawie o sygnaturze akt I PK 123\/14 stwierdzi\u0142, \u017ce art. 231 kodeksu pracy przewiduje skutek w postaci automatycznego wst\u0105pienia nowego pracodawcy w istniej\u0105cy stosunek pracy, ale ju\u017c nie w og\u00f3\u0142 stosunk\u00f3w prawnych \u0142\u0105cz\u0105cych pracodawc\u0119 i pracownika. Zatem kwesti\u0105 decyduj\u0105c\u0105 o zwi\u0105zaniu nowego pracodawcy umowami o zakazie konkurencji zawartymi przez poprzedniego pracodawc\u0119 b\u0119dzie rozstrzygni\u0119cie, czy umowa o zakazie konkurencji po ustaniu stosunku pracy stanowi sk\u0142adnik tre\u015bci tego stosunku.<br \/>Przedmiotowy problem zosta\u0142 jednoznacznie rozstrzygni\u0119ty przez S\u0105d Najwy\u017cszy w cytowanym orzeczeniu. Zdaniem sk\u0142adu orzekaj\u0105cego, umowa o zakazie konkurencji po ustaniu stosunku pracy nie jest elementem stosunku pracy. Powy\u017cszy pogl\u0105d znalaz\u0142 aprobat\u0119 w\u015br\u00f3d przedstawicieli doktryny oraz zosta\u0142 potwierdzony w uchwale S\u0105du Najwy\u017cszego wydanej w dniu 6 maja 2015 roku w sprawie o sygnaturze akt III PZP 2\/15.<\/p><p>Zgodnie, zatem ze stanowiskiem doktryny oraz utrwalon\u0105 lini\u0105 orzecznicz\u0105 S\u0105du Najwy\u017cszego, nowy pracodawca, kt\u00f3ry przejmuje zak\u0142ad pracy wraz z zatrudnionymi w nim pracownikami, nie jest zwi\u0105zany umowami o zakazie konkurencji zawartymi z tymi pracownikami przez wcze\u015bniejszego pracodawc\u0119. Maj\u0105c powy\u017csze na uwadze pracodawca przejmuj\u0105cy zak\u0142ad pracy lub jego cz\u0119\u015b\u0107 powinien pami\u0119ta\u0107, \u017ce je\u017celi chce \u017ceby przejmowani pracownicy byli zwi\u0105zani klauzul\u0105 antykonkurencyjn\u0105 po ustaniu stosunku pracy to powinien zawrze\u0107 z nimi nowe umowy o zakazie konkurencji.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7173be4 elementor-alert-info exad-sticky-section-no exad-glass-effect-no elementor-widget elementor-widget-alert\" data-id=\"7173be4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"alert.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-alert\" role=\"alert\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-alert-description\">\u00a9 Miller, Canfield, W. Babicki, A. Che\u0142chowski i Wsp\u00f3lnicy Sp. k.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"elementor-alert-dismiss\" aria-label=\"Dismiss this alert.\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span aria-hidden=\"true\">&times;<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Strony stosunku pracy mog\u0105, w oparciu o artyku\u0142y 1011 &#8211; 1014 ustawy z dnia 26 czerwca 1974 kodeks pracy (Dz. U. 2014.1502 t.j. ze zm.; dalej \u201eKodeks pracy\u201d), zawrze\u0107 umow\u0119 o zakazie konkurencji. Przedmiotowa klauzula mo\u017ce zosta\u0107 zawarta w tre\u015bci umowy o prac\u0119, ale mo\u017ce r\u00f3wnie\u017c stanowi\u0107 odr\u0119bny dokument. Strony mog\u0105 obj\u0105\u0107 zakazem konkurencji zar\u00f3wno [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":867,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[13,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4606","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-polish-law-review-en","category-publications"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>THE NON-COMPETITION CLAUSE IS NOT TRANSFERRED TO A NEW EMPLOYER FOLLOWING THE EXPIRY OF AN EMPLOYMENT RELATIONSHIP<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Non-competition clauses and their effects when an employment relationship ends.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link 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